# Journal Articles Download 14 citations download- [BibTeX](/bibcite/export?pager_style=no_pager&number_of_items=20&sort_field=bibcite_year--desc&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_eric_s_publication_groups%5D%5B0%5D%5Btarget_id%5D=14861&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_hwp_c_workingpapers%5D&&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B0%5D=artwork&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B1%5D=audiovisual&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B2%5D=bill&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B3%5D=book&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B4%5D=book_chapter&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B5%5D=broadcast&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B6%5D=case&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B7%5D=chart&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B8%5D=classical&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B9%5D=conference_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B10%5D=conference_proceedings&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B11%5D=data&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B12%5D=database&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B13%5D=film&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B14%5D=government_report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B15%5D=hearing&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B16%5D=journal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B17%5D=journal_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B18%5D=legal_ruling&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B19%5D=magazine_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B20%5D=manuscript&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B21%5D=map&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B22%5D=miscellaneous&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B23%5D=miscellaneous_section&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B24%5D=newspaper_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B25%5D=patent&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B26%5D=personal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B27%5D=presentation&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B28%5D=report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B29%5D=software&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B30%5D=statute&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B31%5D=thesis&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B32%5D=unpublished&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B33%5D=website&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B34%5D=web_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B35%5D=web_project_page&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B36%5D=web_service&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B37%5D=working_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Boperator%5D=IN&format=bibtex) - 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[EndNote 7 XML](/bibcite/export?pager_style=no_pager&number_of_items=20&sort_field=bibcite_year--desc&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_eric_s_publication_groups%5D%5B0%5D%5Btarget_id%5D=14861&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_hwp_c_workingpapers%5D&&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B0%5D=artwork&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B1%5D=audiovisual&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B2%5D=bill&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B3%5D=book&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B4%5D=book_chapter&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B5%5D=broadcast&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B6%5D=case&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B7%5D=chart&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B8%5D=classical&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B9%5D=conference_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B10%5D=conference_proceedings&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B11%5D=data&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B12%5D=database&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B13%5D=film&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B14%5D=government_report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B15%5D=hearing&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B16%5D=journal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B17%5D=journal_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B18%5D=legal_ruling&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B19%5D=magazine_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B20%5D=manuscript&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B21%5D=map&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B22%5D=miscellaneous&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B23%5D=miscellaneous_section&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B24%5D=newspaper_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B25%5D=patent&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B26%5D=personal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B27%5D=presentation&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B28%5D=report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B29%5D=software&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B30%5D=statute&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B31%5D=thesis&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B32%5D=unpublished&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B33%5D=website&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B34%5D=web_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B35%5D=web_project_page&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B36%5D=web_service&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B37%5D=working_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Boperator%5D=IN&format=endnote7) - [Endnote tagged](/bibcite/export?pager_style=no_pager&number_of_items=20&sort_field=bibcite_year--desc&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_eric_s_publication_groups%5D%5B0%5D%5Btarget_id%5D=14861&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_hwp_c_workingpapers%5D&&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B0%5D=artwork&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B1%5D=audiovisual&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B2%5D=bill&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B3%5D=book&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B4%5D=book_chapter&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B5%5D=broadcast&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B6%5D=case&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B7%5D=chart&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B8%5D=classical&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B9%5D=conference_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B10%5D=conference_proceedings&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B11%5D=data&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B12%5D=database&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B13%5D=film&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B14%5D=government_report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B15%5D=hearing&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B16%5D=journal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B17%5D=journal_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B18%5D=legal_ruling&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B19%5D=magazine_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B20%5D=manuscript&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B21%5D=map&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B22%5D=miscellaneous&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B23%5D=miscellaneous_section&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B24%5D=newspaper_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B25%5D=patent&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B26%5D=personal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B27%5D=presentation&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B28%5D=report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B29%5D=software&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B30%5D=statute&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B31%5D=thesis&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B32%5D=unpublished&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B33%5D=website&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B34%5D=web_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B35%5D=web_project_page&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B36%5D=web_service&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B37%5D=working_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Boperator%5D=IN&format=tagged) - [Marc](/bibcite/export?pager_style=no_pager&number_of_items=20&sort_field=bibcite_year--desc&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_eric_s_publication_groups%5D%5B0%5D%5Btarget_id%5D=14861&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_hwp_c_workingpapers%5D&&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B0%5D=artwork&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B1%5D=audiovisual&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B2%5D=bill&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B3%5D=book&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B4%5D=book_chapter&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B5%5D=broadcast&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B6%5D=case&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B7%5D=chart&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B8%5D=classical&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B9%5D=conference_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B10%5D=conference_proceedings&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B11%5D=data&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B12%5D=database&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B13%5D=film&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B14%5D=government_report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B15%5D=hearing&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B16%5D=journal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B17%5D=journal_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B18%5D=legal_ruling&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B19%5D=magazine_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B20%5D=manuscript&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B21%5D=map&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B22%5D=miscellaneous&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B23%5D=miscellaneous_section&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B24%5D=newspaper_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B25%5D=patent&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B26%5D=personal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B27%5D=presentation&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B28%5D=report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B29%5D=software&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B30%5D=statute&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B31%5D=thesis&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B32%5D=unpublished&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B33%5D=website&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B34%5D=web_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B35%5D=web_project_page&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B36%5D=web_service&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B37%5D=working_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Boperator%5D=IN&format=marc) - [PubMedId](/bibcite/export?pager_style=no_pager&number_of_items=20&sort_field=bibcite_year--desc&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_eric_s_publication_groups%5D%5B0%5D%5Btarget_id%5D=14861&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_hwp_c_workingpapers%5D&&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B0%5D=artwork&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B1%5D=audiovisual&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B2%5D=bill&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B3%5D=book&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B4%5D=book_chapter&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B5%5D=broadcast&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B6%5D=case&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B7%5D=chart&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B8%5D=classical&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B9%5D=conference_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B10%5D=conference_proceedings&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B11%5D=data&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B12%5D=database&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B13%5D=film&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B14%5D=government_report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B15%5D=hearing&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B16%5D=journal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B17%5D=journal_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B18%5D=legal_ruling&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B19%5D=magazine_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B20%5D=manuscript&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B21%5D=map&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B22%5D=miscellaneous&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B23%5D=miscellaneous_section&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B24%5D=newspaper_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B25%5D=patent&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B26%5D=personal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B27%5D=presentation&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B28%5D=report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B29%5D=software&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B30%5D=statute&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B31%5D=thesis&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B32%5D=unpublished&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B33%5D=website&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B34%5D=web_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B35%5D=web_project_page&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B36%5D=web_service&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B37%5D=working_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Boperator%5D=IN&format=pubmed_id) - [RIS](/bibcite/export?pager_style=no_pager&number_of_items=20&sort_field=bibcite_year--desc&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_eric_s_publication_groups%5D%5B0%5D%5Btarget_id%5D=14861&taxonomy_filters%5Bfield_hwp_c_workingpapers%5D&&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B0%5D=artwork&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B1%5D=audiovisual&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B2%5D=bill&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B3%5D=book&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B4%5D=book_chapter&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B5%5D=broadcast&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B6%5D=case&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B7%5D=chart&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B8%5D=classical&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B9%5D=conference_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B10%5D=conference_proceedings&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B11%5D=data&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B12%5D=database&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B13%5D=film&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B14%5D=government_report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B15%5D=hearing&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B16%5D=journal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B17%5D=journal_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B18%5D=legal_ruling&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B19%5D=magazine_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B20%5D=manuscript&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B21%5D=map&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B22%5D=miscellaneous&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B23%5D=miscellaneous_section&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B24%5D=newspaper_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B25%5D=patent&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B26%5D=personal&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B27%5D=presentation&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B28%5D=report&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B29%5D=software&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B30%5D=statute&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B31%5D=thesis&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B32%5D=unpublished&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B33%5D=website&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B34%5D=web_article&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B35%5D=web_project_page&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B36%5D=web_service&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D%5B37%5D=working_paper&additional_filters%5Btype%5D%5B0%5D%5Boperator%5D=IN&format=ris) ### 2025 Bell, Courtney, Jessalynn James, Eric S. Taylor, and James Wyckoff. 2025. “[Measuring Returns to Experience Using Supervisor Ratings of Observed Performance: The Case of Classroom Teachers](/publications/measuring-returns-to-experience-using-supervisor-ratings-of-observed-performance)”. *Journal of Policy Analysis and Management* 44(1):12–44. doi:10.1002/pam.22584. Bell, Courtney, Jessalynn James, Eric S. Taylor, and James Wyckoff. 2025. “[Measuring Returns to Experience Using Supervisor Ratings of Observed Performance: The Case of Classroom Teachers](/publications/measuring-returns-to-experience-using-supervisor-ratings-of-observed-performance)”. *Journal of Policy Analysis and Management* 44(1):12–44. doi:10.1002/pam.22584. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfBell et al JPAM.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Bell%20et%20al%20JPAM.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Policy Analysis and Management](https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.22584) We study the returns to experience in teaching, estimated using supervisor ratings from classroom observations. We describe the assumptions required to interpret changes in observation ratings over time as the causal effect of experience on performance... - [ picture\_as\_pdfBell et al JPAM.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Bell%20et%20al%20JPAM.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Policy Analysis and Management](https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.22584) ### 2023 Burgess, Simon, Shenila Rawal, and Eric S. Taylor. 2023. “[Teachers’ Use of Class Time and Student Achievement](/publications/teachers%E2%80%99-use-class-time-and-student-achievement)”. *Economics of Education Review* 94:102405. doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102405. Burgess, Simon, Shenila Rawal, and Eric S. Taylor. 2023. “[Teachers’ Use of Class Time and Student Achievement](/publications/teachers%E2%80%99-use-class-time-and-student-achievement)”. *Economics of Education Review* 94:102405. doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102405. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfBurgess et al EcoEdu.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Burgess%20et%20al%20EcoEdu.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Economics of Education Review](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102405) We study teachers’ choices about how to allocate class time across different instructional activities, for example, lecturing, open discussion, or individual practice. Our data come from secondary schools in England, specifically classes preceding GCSE... - [ picture\_as\_pdfBurgess et al EcoEdu.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Burgess%20et%20al%20EcoEdu.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Economics of Education Review](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102405) ### 2022 Aucejo, Esteban, Teresa Romano, and Eric S. Taylor. 2022. “[Does Evaluation Change Teacher Effort and Performance? Quasi-Experimental Evidence from a Policy of Retesting Students](/publications/does-evaluation-change-teacher-effort-and-performance)”. *Review of Economics and Statistics* 104(3):417–430. doi:10.1162/rest_a_00962. Aucejo, Esteban, Teresa Romano, and Eric S. Taylor. 2022. “[Does Evaluation Change Teacher Effort and Performance? Quasi-Experimental Evidence from a Policy of Retesting Students](/publications/does-evaluation-change-teacher-effort-and-performance)”. *Review of Economics and Statistics* 104(3):417–430. doi:10.1162/rest_a_00962. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfAucejo et al REStat.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Aucejo%20et%20al%20REStat.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Review of Economics and Statistics](https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00962) We document measurable, lasting gains in student achievement caused by a change in teachers’ evaluation incentives. A short-lived rule created a discontinuity in teachers’ incentives when allocating effort across their assigned students: students who... - [ picture\_as\_pdfAucejo et al REStat.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Aucejo%20et%20al%20REStat.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Review of Economics and Statistics](https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00962) ### 2021 Burgess, Simon, Shenila Rawal, and Eric S. Taylor. 2021. “[Teacher Peer Observation and Student Test Scores: Evidence from a Field Experiment in English Secondary Schools](/publications/teacher-peer-observation-and-student-test-scores)”. *Journal of Labor Economics* 39(4):1155-86. doi:10.1086/712997. Burgess, Simon, Shenila Rawal, and Eric S. Taylor. 2021. “[Teacher Peer Observation and Student Test Scores: Evidence from a Field Experiment in English Secondary Schools](/publications/teacher-peer-observation-and-student-test-scores)”. *Journal of Labor Economics* 39(4):1155-86. doi:10.1086/712997. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfBurgess et al JOLE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Burgess%20et%20al%20JOLE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Labor Economics](https://doi.org/10.1086/712997) This paper reports on a field experiment in 82 high schools trialing a low-cost intervention in schools’ operations: teachers working in the same school observed and scored each other’s teaching. Students in treatment schools scored 0.07σ higher on math... - [ picture\_as\_pdfBurgess et al JOLE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Burgess%20et%20al%20JOLE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Labor Economics](https://doi.org/10.1086/712997) ### 2020 Papay, John P., Eric S. Taylor, John H. Tyler, and Mary Laski. 2020. “[Learning Job Skills from Colleagues at Work: Evidence from a Field Experiment Using Teacher Performance Data](/publications/learning-job-skills-colleagues-work)”. *American Economic Journal: Economic Policy* 12(1):359-88. doi:10.1257/pol.20170709. Papay, John P., Eric S. Taylor, John H. Tyler, and Mary Laski. 2020. “[Learning Job Skills from Colleagues at Work: Evidence from a Field Experiment Using Teacher Performance Data](/publications/learning-job-skills-colleagues-work)”. *American Economic Journal: Economic Policy* 12(1):359-88. doi:10.1257/pol.20170709. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfPapay et al AEJPol.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Papay%20et%20al%20AEJPol.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Journal: Economic Policy](https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20170709) We study a program designed to encourage learning from coworkers among school teachers. In an experiment, we document gains in job performance when high- and low-skilled teachers are paired and asked to work together on improving their skills. Pairs are... - [ picture\_as\_pdfPapay et al AEJPol.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Papay%20et%20al%20AEJPol.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Journal: Economic Policy](https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20170709) ### 2018 Jacob, Brian A., Jonah E. Rockoff, Eric S. Taylor, Benjamin Lindy, and Rachel Rosen. 2018. “[Teacher Applicant Hiring and Teacher Performance: Evidence from DC Public Schools](/publications/teacher-applicant-hiring-and-teacher-performance)”. *Journal of Public Economics* 166:81-97. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.08.011. Jacob, Brian A., Jonah E. Rockoff, Eric S. Taylor, Benjamin Lindy, and Rachel Rosen. 2018. “[Teacher Applicant Hiring and Teacher Performance: Evidence from DC Public Schools](/publications/teacher-applicant-hiring-and-teacher-performance)”. *Journal of Public Economics* 166:81-97. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.08.011. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfJacob et al JPubE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Jacob%20et%20al%20JPubE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Public Economics](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.08.011) Selecting more productive employees among a pool of job applicants can be a cost-effective means of improving organizational performance and may be particularly important in the public sector. We study the relationship among applicant characteristics... - [ picture\_as\_pdfJacob et al JPubE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Jacob%20et%20al%20JPubE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Public Economics](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.08.011) Taylor, Eric S. 2018. “[Skills, Job Tasks, and Productivity in Teaching: Evidence from a Randomized Trial of Instruction Practices](/publications/skills-job-tasks-and-productivity-in-teaching)”. *Journal of Labor Economics* 36(3):711-42. doi:10.1086/696144. Taylor, Eric S. 2018. “[Skills, Job Tasks, and Productivity in Teaching: Evidence from a Randomized Trial of Instruction Practices](/publications/skills-job-tasks-and-productivity-in-teaching)”. *Journal of Labor Economics* 36(3):711-42. doi:10.1086/696144. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfTaylor JOLE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Taylor%20JOLE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Labor Economics](https://doi.org/10.1086/696144) I study how teachers’ assigned job tasks—the basic practices they are asked to use in the classroom—affect the returns to math skills in teacher productivity. The results demonstrate the importance of distinguishing between workers’ skills and workers’... - [ picture\_as\_pdfTaylor JOLE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Taylor%20JOLE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Labor Economics](https://doi.org/10.1086/696144) ### 2017 Bettinger, Eric P., Christopher Doss, Susanna Loeb, Aaron Rogers, and Eric S. Taylor. 2017. “[The Effects of Class Size in Online College Courses: Experimental Evidence](/publications/the-effects-of-class-size-in-online-college-courses)”. *Economics of Education Review* 58:68-85. doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.03.006. Bettinger, Eric P., Christopher Doss, Susanna Loeb, Aaron Rogers, and Eric S. Taylor. 2017. “[The Effects of Class Size in Online College Courses: Experimental Evidence](/publications/the-effects-of-class-size-in-online-college-courses)”. *Economics of Education Review* 58:68-85. doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.03.006. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ descriptionPublished Version in Economics of Education Review](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.03.006) Class size is a first-order consideration in the study of education cost and effectiveness. Yet little is known about the effects of class size on student outcomes in online college classes, even though online courses have become commonplace in many... - [ descriptionPublished Version in Economics of Education Review](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.03.006) Bettinger, Eric P., Lindsay Fox, Susanna Loeb, and Eric S. Taylor. 2017. “[Virtual Classrooms: How Online College Courses Affect Student Success](/publications/virtual-classrooms-how-online-college-courses-affect-student-success)”. *American Economic Review* 107(9):2855-75. doi:10.1257/aer.20151193. Bettinger, Eric P., Lindsay Fox, Susanna Loeb, and Eric S. Taylor. 2017. “[Virtual Classrooms: How Online College Courses Affect Student Success](/publications/virtual-classrooms-how-online-college-courses-affect-student-success)”. *American Economic Review* 107(9):2855-75. doi:10.1257/aer.20151193. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfBettinger et al AER.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Bettinger%20et%20al%20AER.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Review](https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151193) Online college courses are a rapidly expanding feature of higher education, yet little research identifies their effects relative to traditional in-person classes. Using an instrumental variables approach, we find that taking a course online, instead of... - [ picture\_as\_pdfBettinger et al AER.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Bettinger%20et%20al%20AER.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Review](https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151193) ### 2016 Bettinger, Eric P., Bridget Terry Long, and Eric S. Taylor. 2016. “[When Inputs Are Outputs: The Case of Graduate Student Instructors](/publications/when-inputs-are-outputs-the-case-of-graduate-student-instructors)”. *Economics of Education Review* 52:63-76. doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.01.005. Bettinger, Eric P., Bridget Terry Long, and Eric S. Taylor. 2016. “[When Inputs Are Outputs: The Case of Graduate Student Instructors](/publications/when-inputs-are-outputs-the-case-of-graduate-student-instructors)”. *Economics of Education Review* 52:63-76. doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.01.005. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfBettinger et al EcoEd.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Bettinger%20et%20al%20EcoEd.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Economics of Education Review](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.01.005) We examine graduate student teaching as an input to two production processes: the education of undergraduates and the development of graduate students themselves. Using fluctuations in full-time faculty availability as an instrument, we find... - [ picture\_as\_pdfBettinger et al EcoEd.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Bettinger%20et%20al%20EcoEd.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Economics of Education Review](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2016.01.005) ### 2014 Taylor, Eric S. 2014. “[Spending More of the School Day in Math Class: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity in Middle School](/publications/spending-more-of-the-school-day-in-math-class)”. *Journal of Public Economics* 114:162-81. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.06.002. Taylor, Eric S. 2014. “[Spending More of the School Day in Math Class: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity in Middle School](/publications/spending-more-of-the-school-day-in-math-class)”. *Journal of Public Economics* 114:162-81. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.06.002. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfTaylor JPubE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Taylor%20JPubE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Public Economics](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.06.002) For students whose math skills lag expectations, public schools often increase the fraction of the school day spent on math instruction. Studying middle-school students and using regression discontinuity methods, I estimate the causal effect of requiring... - [ picture\_as\_pdfTaylor JPubE.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Taylor%20JPubE.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Public Economics](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.06.002) ### 2012 Rockoff, Jonah E., Douglas O. Staiger, Thomas J. Kane, and Eric S. Taylor. 2012. “[Information and Employee Evaluation: Evidence from a Randomized Intervention in Public Schools](/publications/information-and-employee-evaluation)”. *American Economic Review* 102(7):3184-3213. doi:10.1257/aer.102.7.3184. Rockoff, Jonah E., Douglas O. Staiger, Thomas J. Kane, and Eric S. Taylor. 2012. “[Information and Employee Evaluation: Evidence from a Randomized Intervention in Public Schools](/publications/information-and-employee-evaluation)”. *American Economic Review* 102(7):3184-3213. doi:10.1257/aer.102.7.3184. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfRockoff et al AER.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Rockoff%20et%20al%20AER.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Review](https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.7.3184) We examine how employers learn about worker productivity in a randomized pilot experiment which provided objective estimates of teacher performance to school principals. We test several hypotheses that support a simple Bayesian learning model with... - [ picture\_as\_pdfRockoff et al AER.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Rockoff%20et%20al%20AER.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Review](https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.7.3184) Taylor, Eric S., and John H. Tyler. 2012. “[The Effect of Evaluation on Teacher Performance](/publications/the-effect-of-evaluation-on-teacher-performance)”. *American Economic Review* 102(7):3628-51. doi:10.1257/aer.102.7.3628. Taylor, Eric S., and John H. Tyler. 2012. “[The Effect of Evaluation on Teacher Performance](/publications/the-effect-of-evaluation-on-teacher-performance)”. *American Economic Review* 102(7):3628-51. doi:10.1257/aer.102.7.3628. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfTaylor Tyler AER.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Taylor%20Tyler%20AER.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Review](https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.7.3628) Teacher performance evaluation has become a dominant theme in school reform efforts. Yet, whether evaluation changes the performance of teachers, the focus of this paper, is unknown. Instead, evaluation has largely been studied as an input to selective... - [ picture\_as\_pdfTaylor Tyler AER.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Taylor%20Tyler%20AER.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in American Economic Review](https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.7.3628) ### 2011 Kane, Thomas J., Eric S. Taylor, John H. Tyler, and Amy L. Wooten. 2011. “[Identifying Effective Classroom Practices Using Student Achievement Data](/publications/identifying-effective-classroom-practices-using-student-achievement-data)”. *Journal of Human Resources* 46(3):587-613. doi:10.3368/jhr.46.3.587. Kane, Thomas J., Eric S. Taylor, John H. Tyler, and Amy L. Wooten. 2011. “[Identifying Effective Classroom Practices Using Student Achievement Data](/publications/identifying-effective-classroom-practices-using-student-achievement-data)”. *Journal of Human Resources* 46(3):587-613. doi:10.3368/jhr.46.3.587. - add\_circle do\_not\_disturb\_on Abstract - [ picture\_as\_pdfKane et al JHR.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Kane%20et%20al%20JHR.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Human Resources](https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.46.3.587) Research continues to find large differences in student achievement gains across teachers’ classrooms. The variability in teacher effectiveness raises the stakes on identifying effective teachers and teaching practices. This paper combines data from... - [ picture\_as\_pdfKane et al JHR.pdf](/sites/g/files/omnuum3716/files/2025-02/Kane%20et%20al%20JHR.pdf) - [ descriptionPublished Version in Journal of Human Resources](https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.46.3.587)